膨化狗粮生产线/鱼饲料生产线优点_技术文章

膨化狗粮生产线/鱼饲料生产线优点
阅读次数：585 发布时间：2018/7/29 17:06:36

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膨化饲料优点

饲料原料经膨化处理后，香味增加，适口性提高，能刺激动物食欲。同时，使蛋白质、脂肪等有机物的长链结构变为短链结构的程度增加，故变得更易消化。
　　由于蛋白质与淀粉基质结合在一起，因此饲喂时不易流失。只有当动物体内消化酶分解淀粉时才将蛋白质释放出来，提高了蛋白质的效价。膨化过程也使蛋白质发生变性，钝化了许多抗营养因子，同时改变了蛋白质的三级结构，缩短了蛋白质在肠道中的水解时间。对于反刍动物来讲，膨化生成瘤胃不可降解蛋白，即过瘤胃蛋白，可避免动物产生氨中毒，提高蛋白质的利用率。其次，
　　膨化处理将原料分子中囊化油脂释放出来，提高了脂肪的热能值。膨化还可将脂肪与淀粉或蛋白一起形成复合产物脂蛋白或脂多糖，降低了游离脂肪酸含量。同时钝化了脂酶，抑制了油脂的降解，减少了产品贮存与运输过程中油脂成分的酸败。
　　饲料膨化*基本的作用就是减少了原料中的细菌、霉菌和真菌含量，提高了饲料的卫生品质，为动物体提供无菌化、熟化饲料。从而减少动物体患病风险，减少各种药物成分的添加量。还提高了淀粉的糊化度，生成改性淀粉，具有很强的吸水性和粘接功能。由于其高度吸水性，可向产品中添加更多的液体成份（如油脂、糖蜜等）。同时，因为其具有比普通淀粉强得多的粘接功能，膨化生产过程中淀粉添加量可大大减少。这为其他原料的选择提供了更多的选择，配方中可选择更多种的廉价原料替代那些昂贵的原料，可以大量地提高低质原料效价，降低成本，而不会影响到产品品质。

小颗粒的饲料适合喂食一些成群的小型鱼，比如灯科鱼，每两天投喂一次，直接投喂便可，颗粒大点的饲料适合喂食稍微体型大一点的观赏鱼，比如鹦鹉。颗粒饲料的缺点是在水面停留10秒后便开始下沉，会影响水质。另一种是薄片饲料，它的好外是可以飘在水面上，不会下沉影响水质，适合不经常管理水族箱的养鱼爱好者。还有一种是贴片饲料，可以直接贴在水族箱内壁上，鱼可以随时食用，不吃的时候也不会化掉，适合经常出差的养鱼爱好者。

方法/步骤

1

可避免动物挑食。配合饲料配方有多种原料，营养全面，可防止动物从粉料中挑选其爱吃的，拒绝摄入其他成分的现象。由于颗粒饲料在贮运和喂饲过程中可保持均一性，可减少喂饲损失8%~10%。
2

饲料报酬率高。在制粒过程中，由于水分、温度和压力的综合作用，使饲料发生一些理化反应，使淀粉糊化，酶的活性增强，能使被喂饲动物更有效地消化饲料，转化为体重的增加。用颗粒饲料喂养禽类和猪，与粉料相比，可提高饲料转化率（即报酬率）10%-12%。用颗粒饲料喂育肥猪，平均日增重4%，料肉比降低6%；喂肉鸡，料肉比可降低3%-10%。
3

贮存运输更为经济。经制粒，一般会使饲料的散装密度增加40%-100%，可减少仓容，节省运输费用。
4

流动性好，便于管理。许多粉料特别是比重小的绒状饲料，添加糖蜜或高脂肪及尿素的饲料经常粘附在料库中。由于颗粒饲料流动性好，很少产生粘附现象，对于那些应用自动供料器的规模化饲养奶牛或家禽的农场来说，颗粒饲料*受欢迎。
5

避免饲料成分自动分级，减少环境污染。在粉料贮运过程中由于各种粉料的体积质量不一，极易产生分级。制成颗粒后就不存在饲料成分的分级，并且颗粒料不易起尘，在喂饲过程中颗粒料对空气和水分的污染较粉料少的多。

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注意事项

杀灭动物饲料中的沙门氏菌。沙门氏菌被动物摄入体内后会保留在动物组织中，人吃了感染这种细菌的动物会得沙门氏菌的肠胃病。采用蒸汽高温调质再制粒的方法能杀灭存在动物饲料中的沙门氏菌。

Avoid animals being picky eaters.There are many kinds of ingredients in the feed formula with comprehensive nutrition, which can prevent animals from choosing their favorite food from the flour ａnd refusing to take in other ingredients.The feed loss can be reduced by 8%~10% due to the uniformity of granular feed in the process of storage, transportation ａnd feeding.

2

High returns on feed.In the process of granulation, due to the comprehensive effect of water, temperature ａnd pressure, some physicochemical reactions took place in the feed, which enhanced the starch gelatinization ａnd enzyme activity, ａnd could enable the fed animals to digest the feed more effectively ａnd turn it into weight gain.Feeding poultry ａnd pigs with granular feed can increase the feed conversion rate (i.e., the rate of return) by 10-12% compared with the flour.Feeding fat pigs with granular feed increased the average daily weight by 4% ａnd reduced the ratio of feed to meat by 6%.Feed broiler, raw meat ratio can be reduced by 3%-10%.

3

Storage ａnd transportation are more economical.After granulation, the bulk density of feed can be increased by 40-100%, which can reduce storage capacity ａnd save transportation cost.

4

Good liquidity ａnd easy management.Many powders, especially those with a small proportion of fluffy feed, are often adhered to the feedstock with molasses or high fat ａnd urea.Because granular feed is highly mobile ａnd rarely sticks, it is the most popular for large-scale farms that use automatic feeders to raise cows or poultry.

5

Avoid automatic grading of feed ingredients ａnd reduce environmental pollution.In the course of powder storage ａnd transportation, because the volume ａnd quality of various powder materials are different, it is easy to produce classification.After the granule is made, there is no grading of feed ingredients, ａnd the granule material is not easy to dust. In the process of feeding, the granule material pollutes the air ａnd water much less than the powder.

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Matters needing attention

Kill salmonella in animal feed.Salmonella is retained in animal tissues when ingested by animals, ａnd people who eat animals infected with the bacteria can develop salmonella enteritis.The salmonella bacteria in animal feed can be killed by the method of high temperature steam tempering ａnd regranulation.